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international financial institutions
The international financial institutions (IFIs) are financial institutions that have been established (or chartered) by more than one country, and hence are subjects of international law. Their owners or shareholders are generally national governments, although other international institutions and other organizations occasionally figure as shareholders. The most prominent IFIs are creations of multiple nations, although some bilateral financial institutions (created by two countries) exist and are technically IFIs. The best known IFIs were established after World War II to assist in the reconstruction of Europe and provide mechanisms for international cooperation in managing the global financial system.
Today, the world's largest IFI is the European Investment Bank,〔(Policing the Banks: Accountability Mechanisms for the Financial Sector, Maartje van Putten ), p.146〕 with a balance sheet size of Euros 512 billion in 2013.〔EIB annual report, 2013〕 This compares to the two components of the World Bank, the IBRD (assets of $358 billion in 2014)〔(IBRD Annual Report ), p.4〕 and the IDA (assets of $183 billion in 2014).〔(IBRD Annual Report ), p.3 of the IDA section〕 For comparison, the largest commercial banks each have assets of c.$2,000-3,000 billion.
==Types==
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